| Autonomy for European Higher Educational Institutions: Organizational Change Justified from a Pedagogical Perspective |
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From the end of World War II until
1975, Austrian universities had very rigid and hierarchical
administrative structures. Increasing enrollments resulted in
democratization and structuring of education into 3 bodies/groupings as
well as in ongoing formal and informal lobbying for new resources in
the Federal Ministry for higher education. This had less to do with
“education through academics” than with the recognition by the
knowledge-based society of a broader mandate for the universities. The
University Act of 1993 was meant to liberalize higher education. The
goals, more or less achieved, were: greater effectiveness, a more
entrepreneurial approach, and less state influence. Technical colleges (