Background
Historically, it is correct to say that "university
ranking" is an American invention, as the first such effort was
undertaken in the US at the beginning of the 20th century. There have
been several ranked assessments of certain types of higher education,
but the one which we are most familiar with and practice nowadays is
usually attributed to the ranking of institutions providing
undergraduate education, published by U.S. News & World Report in 1983.
There were some attempts to produce other types of listings around the
same time in other countries but these went almost entirely unnoticed.
Things have changed in recent years, and we can see a rapid increase in
the number of national and international rankings of higher educational
institutions, as well as their increased significance in the
functioning of the higher education enterprise at the system as well as
the institutional level.
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