The transatlantic space cooperation is often analyzed from specific angles. For example, it is looked at from an institutional angle, detailing cooperation mechanisms between the European Space Agency (ESA) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), or with a programmatic view, usually highlighting joint space science and human space flight activities. The objective of this article is to take a fresh horizontal look at the state of what is believed to be the most intense, active, and productive cooperative axis of the international space community. An update of the programmatic substance of these activities is presented together with some reflections on the cooperative models that have been retained by the parties for each activity. This is being done in order to facilitate the reader's ability to assess on his/her own the amplitude, significance, and future directions of these undertakings.
The content of the transatlantic space cooperation has expanded over the past few years, leading to an addition of major projects implemented in a bilateral or a multilateral context. This cooperation is now built around six programmatic pillars, namely: space science, human space flight, satellite navigation, meteorology, earth observation systems, and space exploration. Each of these programs is managed by different agencies and is being pursued on the basis of a well-identified balance between cooperation and competition.
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